THE SUNLIGHT TAX BLOG:
Tax and Money Education for Creative People, Freelancers and Solopreneurs
What are your money concerns? Suggest a blog topic for Hannah here.
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interviews
- Oct 25, 2022 Vision: Running for Office
- Sep 27, 2022 Paddy Johnson: Real Talk on How to Succeed in the Arts
- May 24, 2021 Nicole Espaillat: A money story of debt, yoga, and buying a house.
- Apr 26, 2021 Why the PPP Loan is Good for Artists
- Apr 6, 2021 Money Management for Creative Professionals
- Mar 31, 2021 Startist Interview: Profit Motive, Marketing, and Tax Tips for Artists
- Mar 19, 2021 ArtWitch Podcast: Permission to Thrive + Money Mindsets
- Mar 2, 2021 Artist/Mother Podcast with Hannah Cole of Sunlight Tax
- Feb 25, 2021 How Can Freelancers Benefit from New Tax Laws?
- Feb 1, 2021 Radio Interview with Hannah
- Sep 30, 2019 The Insidious Role of Gender Bias in How Artists Grapple with Personal Finances
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personal finance
- Feb 17, 2023 These Are The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now, According to Finance Pros
- Sep 9, 2022 What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
- Aug 9, 2022 Summer Camp and the Child Tax Credit
- Apr 26, 2021 Why the PPP Loan is Good for Artists
- Mar 19, 2021 ArtWitch Podcast: Permission to Thrive + Money Mindsets
- Mar 2, 2021 Artist/Mother Podcast with Hannah Cole of Sunlight Tax
- Sep 30, 2019 The Insidious Role of Gender Bias in How Artists Grapple with Personal Finances
- Mar 11, 2018 Money and Happiness: Artists' Superpower
- Feb 22, 2018 What's the Deal with Receipts?
- Jun 16, 2017 Business and Personal Accounts: Keep ’em Separated
- Jun 2, 2017 The Personal Finance Attitude Adjustment
- May 19, 2017 A Personal Finance Cheat Sheet for the Overwhelmed
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podcast
- May 14, 2024 How to Deduct Business Meals When You're Self-Employed
- May 7, 2024 How to Deduct Business Travel
- Apr 30, 2024 Startup Expenses: A Perk for Your New Business
- Apr 23, 2024 Business vs. Hobby & the IRS 9 Point Test for Profit Motive
- Apr 16, 2024 New Rules for LLCs: Update
- Apr 9, 2024 Why It Matters Who You Listen To
- Apr 2, 2024 4 Cases Where Done Beats Perfect
- Mar 26, 2024 How Taxes Can Unlock Your Financial Health
- Mar 19, 2024 Thoughts I've Had About Money
- Mar 12, 2024 1099 vs W2 Income and Why it Matters
- Mar 5, 2024 Insider Deduction Tips
- Feb 27, 2024 How to Deduct Fees, Bandmate Payouts and Gallery Commissions
- Feb 20, 2024 Tips to Make Your Taxes Better Right Now
- Feb 13, 2024 Can a Massage Therapist Deduct Massages? Education Expenses Explained
- Feb 6, 2024 Discomfort Means You're Growing: Estimates and Investments
- Jan 30, 2024 1099s Deep Dive: Listener Questions
- Jan 23, 2024 What Are Receipts Actually For?
- Jan 16, 2024 Issuing 1099s
- Jan 9, 2024 Respect Your Work, Then Get Organized
- Jan 2, 2024 The De-Stress Your Taxes Checklist
- Dec 26, 2023 Tax Credits and Law Changes Not to Miss
- Dec 19, 2023 Lower Your Taxes at Year-End, Prevent a Cash Crunch
- Dec 12, 2023 New Rules for LLCs: How The Corporate Transparency Act Affects You
- Dec 5, 2023 Understand Your Tax Rate
- Nov 28, 2023 FU Money for the People
- Nov 21, 2023 Donating Your Work isn't a Charitable Deduction
- Nov 14, 2023 Set Up Your Calendar for Tax Success
- Nov 7, 2023 Your Personal Finance Attitude Adjustment
- Oct 31, 2023 Money Cheat Sheet for the Overwhelmed
- Oct 24, 2023 The Right Step at the Right Time
- Oct 17, 2023 Your Business Already Started
- Oct 10, 2023 How to Reduce Tax Overwhelm
- Oct 3, 2023 How I Got Here: Interview with Kelly Bennett, Brand Strategist
- Sep 26, 2023 Farnoosh Torabi: When Financial Fear is Good
- Sep 19, 2023 My top 4 ROIs (Returns on Investment)
- Sep 12, 2023 Mistakes People Make When Working with an Accountant
- Sep 7, 2023 Your Complete Guide to the New Student Loan Forgiveness
- Sep 5, 2023 3 Secrets to Extra Money in Your Tax Deductions
- Aug 29, 2023 LLCs & Why You Need to Separate Your Accounts
- Aug 22, 2023 The Child Care Tax Credit
- Aug 15, 2023 Taxes Should Be Part of Civic Education: A Story of Hope
- Aug 8, 2023 10 Minute Tax Fix: Do a Paycheck Checkup
- Aug 1, 2023 Oops! How to Fix a Tax Mistake
- Jul 25, 2023 What is a Schedule? Capital Gains, Self-Employment Tax and Itemized Deductions
- Jul 18, 2023 What I do With My Money
- Jul 11, 2023 How to Have it All
- Jul 4, 2023 Why I'm Patriotic (Proof of Real Progress)
- Jun 27, 2023 The One Thing You Must Do in Your Business
- Jun 20, 2023 Medical Expense Deductions: When it's Worth Tracking & How
- Jun 13, 2023 The Business Advantages of Creatives
- Jun 6, 2023 BTS: How I Structure My Day for Better Focus
- May 30, 2023 BTS: Creative Career Advice from Architect John Cole (aka My Dad)
- May 23, 2023 BTS: Tips for Your First Hire
- May 16, 2023 S Corp Mistakes That will Cost You Thousands
- May 9, 2023 Tips to Ensure You Pay Yourself
- May 2, 2023 Re-framing Finances for Creatives
- Apr 25, 2023 What Counts As Taxable Income?
- Apr 18, 2023 3 Tips for Easier Taxes
- Apr 11, 2023 Is it Ok to Get a Tax Extension?
- Apr 4, 2023 Aggressive Means "High Growth"
- Mar 28, 2023 How to Stash More FU Money: The SECURE 2.0 Act Expands Your Retirement-Funding Options
- Mar 21, 2023 The Mental Load of Financial Fear
- Mar 14, 2023 Do I Need an LLC?
- Mar 7, 2023 The Home Office Deduction
- Feb 28, 2023 How to Fund Your IRA: Pay Yourself First
- Feb 21, 2023 When Do You Actually Need an Accountant?
- Feb 14, 2023 Estimated Quarterly Taxes: How To Calculate Your Payments
- Feb 7, 2023 Estimated Quarterly Taxes: Breaking It Down
- Jan 31, 2023 1099s: Your Top Questions
- Jan 24, 2023 Tips to Set Up for Easy Taxes
- Jan 19, 2023 How to Issue 1099s
- Jan 17, 2023 10 Reasons Self-Employed People Get Stuck with Money, and How to Fix It
- Jan 10, 2023 What Small Business Bookkeeping is Actually For
- Jan 3, 2023 Taxes, Democracy, and the Largest Climate Bill in US History
- Dec 27, 2022 Taylor Smalls: Taking the Leap from Architecture to Full Time Art
- Dec 20, 2022 Phrases to use for Boundaries & Pricing with your Clients
- Dec 13, 2022 Tax and Year-End Planning
- Dec 6, 2022 Pricing and Business Lessons
- Nov 29, 2022 Imagine (Sneha Shrestha): Street Art, Authenticity, and Connecting Savings to Creative Freedom
- Nov 22, 2022 Gretchen Carder: Prestige is Not Payment: Textiles, Covid Pivots + Bookkeeping as Self-Care
- Nov 15, 2022 What it Costs You to Wait: Money School
- Nov 15, 2022 Don't Hustle, Don't compromise, Just Maximize: Money School Bonus Series
- Nov 10, 2022 Why Business Deductions Save More Than You Think: Self-Employment Tax: Money School
- Nov 8, 2022 Receipts & Bookkeeping Demystified: Money School bonus series
- Nov 3, 2022 Here's How to Cancel Your Student Debt: Money School Bonus episode
- Nov 1, 2022 What Accountants Get Wrong About Creative People: Money School
- Oct 25, 2022 Vision: Running for Office
- Oct 18, 2022 Itemized vs. Business Deductions: Ending the Confusion
- Oct 11, 2022 Perfectionism will Kill You
- Oct 4, 2022 Roth vs Traditional IRA: Does it Even Matter?
- Oct 4, 2022 What's Going on in the Economy Right Now?
- Sep 27, 2022 Paddy Johnson: Real Talk on How to Succeed in the Arts
- Sep 20, 2022 Proof You're Doing Fine: Break Even Point
- Sep 13, 2022 Mileage: The Best Tax Deduction You're Missing
- Sep 9, 2022 Erika Hess: Podcasting, Art, Motherhood and Widening the Circle
- Sep 9, 2022 Money is Gas in the Car
- Sep 9, 2022 What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
- Sep 1, 2022 Introducing the Sunlight Podcast
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retirement savings
- Sep 9, 2022 What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
- Jul 25, 2022 The Second Best Time is Now
- Mar 11, 2018 Money and Happiness: Artists' Superpower
- May 19, 2017 A Personal Finance Cheat Sheet for the Overwhelmed
- Mar 14, 2017 The SEP IRA: A Lovesong
- sales tax
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self-employment tax
- Feb 17, 2023 These Are The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now, According to Finance Pros
- Sep 9, 2022 What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
- Apr 6, 2021 Money Management for Creative Professionals
- Mar 31, 2021 Startist Interview: Profit Motive, Marketing, and Tax Tips for Artists
- Mar 2, 2021 Artist/Mother Podcast with Hannah Cole of Sunlight Tax
- Feb 25, 2021 How Can Freelancers Benefit from New Tax Laws?
- Dec 27, 2018 Translating the New Tax Bill for Small Businesses
- Oct 24, 2018 No, You Really Can't Get a Deduction for that Artwork You Donated to Charity
- Feb 22, 2018 What's the Deal with Receipts?
- Apr 18, 2017 Set up For Your Best Year Ever: A Tax Day How-To
- Mar 23, 2017 Some Real Numbers for Artists on the ACA Repeal
- Mar 14, 2017 The SEP IRA: A Lovesong
- Aug 4, 2016 Estimated Quarterly Taxes for the New Freelancer
- May 7, 2016 Self-Employment Tax for the New Freelancer
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tax credits
- Aug 9, 2022 Summer Camp and the Child Tax Credit
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tax policy
- Oct 25, 2022 Vision: Running for Office
- Sep 20, 2022 Proof You're Doing Fine: Break Even Point
- Apr 6, 2021 Money Management for Creative Professionals
- Mar 25, 2021 What’s in the $1.9 Trillion stimulus plan?
- Mar 19, 2021 ArtWitch Podcast: Permission to Thrive + Money Mindsets
- Mar 17, 2021 Unemployment Tax Savings from the 2021 Stimulus Bill
- Feb 23, 2021 What Do Arts Organizations Need to Know About the Federal Shuttered Venue Operators Grant?
- Jul 15, 2020 How Banks Artwash the Funds that Enable Police Brutality
- Mar 13, 2020 Some of the Art World’s Largest Donors Have Paid Millions to Squelch a Wealth Tax
- Mar 27, 2019 Tax Policy Should be Part of Our Basic Civic Education
- Dec 27, 2018 Translating the New Tax Bill for Small Businesses
- Sep 24, 2018 How the New Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Impacts the Art World
- Feb 22, 2018 What's the Deal with Receipts?
- Jan 30, 2018 How The New Tax Bill Affects Freelancers
- May 2, 2017 The Estate Tax: An Economic Justice No-Brainer
- Apr 4, 2017 Charitable Deductions for You, Me and Warren Buffet
- Mar 23, 2017 Some Real Numbers for Artists on the ACA Repeal
- Nov 15, 2016 How Donald Trump's Tax Plan Will Affect Arts Workers: There's Bad Stuff Coming
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tax savings
- Aug 9, 2022 Summer Camp and the Child Tax Credit
- Mar 31, 2021 Startist Interview: Profit Motive, Marketing, and Tax Tips for Artists
- Mar 25, 2021 What’s in the $1.9 Trillion stimulus plan?
- Mar 17, 2021 Unemployment Tax Savings from the 2021 Stimulus Bill
- Feb 25, 2021 How Can Freelancers Benefit from New Tax Laws?
- Feb 23, 2021 What Do Arts Organizations Need to Know About the Federal Shuttered Venue Operators Grant?
- Dec 27, 2018 Translating the New Tax Bill for Small Businesses
- Apr 18, 2017 Set up For Your Best Year Ever: A Tax Day How-To
- Mar 14, 2017 The SEP IRA: A Lovesong
- Feb 6, 2017 Rent Too Damn High? Deduct Your Home Studio.
- Nov 1, 2016 Tax Shelters for the Working Artist
These Are The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now, According to Finance Pros
2023 resolution: Get your finances right.
On the heels of the Great Resignation and the ongoing cost of living crisis, the current financial climate feels like a minefield. Predictions of slow economic growth in the U.S. and a looming global recession might, understandably, make you cautious to make big moves to fund your retirement, invest in the market, or even buy your forever home.
Because personal finance is never one-size-fits-all, we spoke to six experts to ask their must-do advice to start 2023 off with solid financial footing. Their perspectives range across savings, investing, retirement, and even tax planning, but each provides insight into the ways that keeping it simple in the short term can have long-term benefits.
2023 resolution: Get your finances right.
By Nafeesah Allen, Ph.D. | Updated on February 13, 2023
On the heels of the Great Resignation and the ongoing cost of living crisis, the current financial climate feels like a minefield. Predictions of slow economic growth in the U.S. and a looming global recession might, understandably, make you cautious to make big moves to fund your retirement, invest in the market, or even buy your forever home.
Because personal finance is never one-size-fits-all, we spoke to six experts to ask their must-do advice to start 2023 off with solid financial footing. Their perspectives range across savings, investing, retirement, and even tax planning, but each provides insight into the ways that keeping it simple in the short term can have long-term benefits.
Don’t wait until April 18 to start prepping your taxes.
“Mark April 18 on your calendar, because three different chunks of money all come due on the same day,” says Hannah Cole, a tax expert and agent at Sunlight Tax. “A little advanced warning helps you budget for it so that you don't end up messing up your personal finances.”
The first two months of the year are a good time to start reviewing your tax responsibilities and setting aside funds to make good on them by the April 18 due date. On that date, you’re on the hook to pay taxes on income earned for the prior calendar year, first quarter estimates for the current year (for self-employed people), and contributions to your individual retirement account. It's important to note that even if you get an extension to file your taxes, that only means you get extra time for your paperwork, Cole explains, but your bill is still due on April 18.
“Whether or not you actually owe quarterly taxes might depend on how much of your income is from your self-employment," Cole says. "So, if you're in the world of side hustlers, where you have a day job and most of your income is on a W2 as an employee, then you might not need to pay quarterly taxes.” However, April 18 should still be an important date to you, because it's the deadline to put money into your retirement account and reap associated tax advantages from a 401(k), IRA, or Roth IRA.
RELATED: How to Save for Retirement—No Matter Your Current Finances
Cole says she's seen plenty of people run into issues because they weren't aware, or didn't plan for, all of these deadlines converging on the same date. "They'll end up with good intentions to fully fund their retirement," she says, "But then they see that tax bill from the IRS and then they're like, ‘Oh, shoot the quarterly payment. I forgot about that too,’ which is additional.” Before you know it, your cash is gone.
So, start the planning process early (read: right now) and save up for the inevitable. April 18 isn’t the start of tax season—it should be close to the end.
RELATED: How Do My Investments Impact the Way I File My Taxes? Find Out on the Money Confidential Podcast
This article first appeared on Real Simple on February 13, 2023
What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
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What I've Learned from Doing Artists' Taxes
Summer Camp and the Child Tax Credit
As any parent of young kids knows, juggling work and childcare is hard. And paid childcare is impossibly expensive. Many budget-conscious artist parents who manage to fit their work into school time hours – and avoid babysitters and after school care – simply don’t have that option come summer. Here’s some good news. If you pay to send your child to summer camp so that you can go to work, that camp expense qualifies for the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit. And in March 2021, the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit was expanded. It now allows bigger dependent-care expenses, a higher percentage of them, and more taxpayers qualify to take the credit.
This article has been edited and updated as of 8/5/22, which is important, because this credit changed between 2021 and 2022. It originally appeared in ArtFCity
http://artfcity.com/2017/07/25/summer-camp-a-break-for-taxes-and-parental-sanity/
I’m taking a summertime break from my normal Sunlight Tax duties in order to research and write new tax articles for you, and to direct the summer programming at “camp mom.” I will be showing up throughout the summer with more tips and advice on taxes and personal finance for creative economy workers. In the meantime, in honor of all the working artist parents out there, here’s a post on the tax credit that applies to summer camp.
As any parent of young kids knows, juggling work and childcare is hard. And paid childcare is impossibly expensive. Many budget-conscious artist parents who manage to fit their work into school time hours – and avoid babysitters and after school care – simply don’t have that option come summer. Here’s some good news. If you pay to send your child to summer camp so that you can go to work, that camp expense qualifies for the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit.
In March 2021, the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit was expanded. It allowed bigger dependent-care expenses, a higher percentage of them, and more taxpayers qualify to take the credit. While there was an attempt to extend this legislation to 2022 and beyond, the expansion did not pass, so the law has now reverted back to pre-2021 levels.
What is the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit? It’s a credit meant to help working parents with the cost of childcare. Depending on your income and how much you spend on childcare, the Child Tax Care Credit allows you to take up to 35 percent of your childcare expenses up to $3000 for one child or up to $6000 for 2 or more children as a tax credit. It applies to a host of scenarios and is relatively generous.
Because it’s a tax credit (rather than a deduction), it saves you a lot more money. Let’s review the basics of why a tax credit is better than a deduction:
A tax deduction means that you may subtract the expense from your taxable income. So if you had $50,000 of income, and had a $1000 tax deduction, you would now have a taxable income of $49,000 ($50,000 income – $1000 deduction). If you were taxed at the 25% rate, that means that your tax due would drop from $12,500 ($50,000 income x 25% tax rate) to $12,250 ($49,000 income x 25% tax rate). You save $250 ($12,500-$12,250). Deductions lower your taxes.
But compare that to a $1000 tax credit. A tax credit lowers your tax due (not just your taxable income) dollar for dollar. If you make the same $50,000 of taxable income, and are taxed at the same 25% rate, then your tax due is $12,500 ($50,000 income x 25% tax rate). A $1000 tax credit reduces your tax due to $11,500 ($12,500 tax due – $1000 tax credit). So the $1000 tax deduction saves you $250, but the $1000 tax credit saves you $1000. That’s a much bigger impact.
There’s one more wrinkle, which is that some tax credits are “refundable.” When you have a fully refundable tax credit (the Earned Income Tax Credit is one of these), if your tax credit reduces your tax liability past zero, the government will actually send you a refund. In other words, if you owe zero dollars in tax, and you get a $1000 tax credit, you will get $1000 back from the IRS in the form of a refund. A non-refundable tax credit can reduce your tax due down to zero, but if it goes past zero, you lose the rest. The Child Tax Care Credit is a fully refundable tax credit for people who lived in the US for at least half the year (and it is a non-refundable credit otherwise). (There are endless details in tax, no?).
To take the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit for your kid’s summer camp expenses (or regular school-year childcare), here’s what you need to know:
The credit is based on the first $3000 of camp/care expense for your first child, or on your first $6000 for two or more children. If you spend more than that (and if you’re like me and many other working parents, you probably will), you aren’t going to get any additional benefit. This limit is a combined total – so it’s fine to add up multiple camps, or camp plus a school-year afterschool program, babysitter, or regular full- or part-time childcare.
If your household income is less than $15,000, you qualify for the maximum credit of 35% of your expenses up to $3,000 for one dependent or $6000 for two or more, which is a $1,050 credit for one child or $2,100 for two or more.
Taxpayers with income between $45,000 and $438,000 can get up to 20% of eligible expenses as a credit for a maximum of $600 for one child or $1,200 for tow or more.
It is only for children under age 13, or dependents of any age who can’t care for themselves (such as an infirm/disabled parent or adult child under your care)
Although I’m writing about this credit in the context of summer camp, you should know that all of these kinds of care qualify for the credit:
Day care
After school care
Babysitters (provided the babysitter isn’t your spouse or your child/stepchild or anyone that you claim as a dependent on your tax return). Note that this is only for babysitting that allows you to go to work or look for work – date night doesn’t qualify.
In-home assistance for a member of your family unable to care for himself, including a spouse.
These kinds of expense don’t qualify:
Tutoring
Private kindergarten or private grade school
Overnight camp
And this is what you will need to get the credit:
You need to record the name, address, and taxpayer ID number (a social security number or TIN for an individual or an employer ID number [EIN] for a business) of the care provider on your tax forms. You will need to ask the camp (or babysitter) for this info.
You must be paying for the summer camp (or other care) so that you can work, or look for work. You also qualify for the credit if you are a full-time student for 5 months or more of the tax year. Both spouses must earn income (or be a full time student or looking for work) in order to take the credit. Unemployment income does not count as earned income for the purposes of this credit.
If you’re married, you must file a joint tax return (unless you’re legally separated). This credit is not available for people married filing separately.
Income under $438,000 if you are married filing jointly.
The Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit is a comprehensive and helpful tax credit. Take advantage of it. And enjoy your summer.
DISCLAIMER: True tax advice is a two-way conversation, and your accountant needs to hear your full situation to apply the rules correctly in your case. This post is meant for general information only. Please don’t act on this alone.
Bio: Hannah Cole is an artist and Enrolled Agent. She is the founder of Sunlight Tax.
Why the PPP Loan is Good for Artists
This Q & A between Paddy Johnson of VVrkshop and tax expert Hannah Cole on the Payroll Protection Program loan (PPP loan) explains how it can help artists. You don’t have to run an incorporated business to qualify. This money is a stimulus for you.
Paddy and Hannah talk about loan terms, and our take home message: this is a forgivable loan that could help you. For many people, that could mean more time in the studio, a new body of work, or simply some extra peace of mind. Read the Q & A. Look into the loan if you haven't already. It's an easier application than almost any grant you'll apply for and might be more money too.
This Q & A between Paddy Johnson of VVrkshop and ArtFCity and tax expert Hannah Cole on the Payroll Protection Program loan (PPP loan) explains how it can help artists. You don’t have to run an incorporated business to qualify. This money is a stimulus for you.
Paddy and Hannah talk about loan terms, and our take home message: this is a forgivable loan that could help you. For many people, that could mean more time in the studio, a new body of work, or simply some extra peace of mind. Read the Q & A. Look into the loan if you haven't already. It's an easier application than almost any grant you'll apply for and might be more money too.
PJ: What types of professions in the arts qualify for a PPP loan?
HC: Absolutely everyone. There is no restriction.
If you are in a food or hospitality profession (look at the 6-digit code, called a NAICS code, in box B on the upper right corner of your Schedule C) with a NAICS code beginning with the digits “72” then you get special access to a bigger PPP loan (3.5 times your monthly income versus 2.5 times your monthly income for everyone else. This was meant to help the ailing restaurant and hospitality industries). But the PPP loan is meant for all professions.
PJ: Do I need to be running payroll?
HC: No. You don’t. This issue is confusing people. You are eligible for a PPP forgivable loan as long as you have “gross income” on line 7 of your Schedule C. As of the changes made in President Biden’s recent stimulus bill, you don’t even need to have a profit.
PJ: Is the PPP loan forgivable?
HC: Yes! In fact, it is designed to be 100% forgivable in most circumstances. This means that the loans are designed to turn into grants for almost everyone, so long as you spend the money on eligible expenses. Good news: this is really easy to do as a sole proprietor.
PJ: How much money are artists eligible for?
HC: You can receive up to 20.83% of your annual Gross Income. Loans are capped at $20,833 for sole proprietors without employees.
PJ: Can artists qualify for a PPP loan if they are receiving unemployment checks?
HC: They can qualify. But receiving PPP money will likely reduce or eliminate their unemployment payments. You can re-apply for unemployment once your PPP money has run out, though. If you are depending on unemployment, you might not be a good fit for a PPP loan. Individual cases may vary, but if you made less than $25,000 on your Schedule C (“gross income” on line 7), then you are probably better off sticking to unemployment.
PJ: What is the difference between gross income and net income? In January loans were given out only for net.
HC: The rules on this have changed. The current rule is that you may apply with “gross income” (line 7 of your Schedule C), instead of “net income.” Gross income is your income before taking out expenses. Net income is your profit after you subtract expenses. This change is great news because it gets you a bigger loan amount.
PJ: Where can artists get a PPP loan? Are there better places to get PPP loans? (I had a poor experience with Chase and ultimately went through Newtek, which is an SBA lender.)
HC: You apply for a PPP loan through your bank. The big banks have demonstrably favored larger businesses and white men in this process. For this reason, Congress gave special access to funding to community-based lenders such as local credit unions. That’s because these institutions have a better history of supporting women-owned and BIPOC-owned businesses. There are also so-called “Fintech” companies that have been pretty helpful and streamlined getting PPP loan applications processed for Schedule C-filers, such as PayPal, QuickBooks, and Square.
PJ: Where can artists find their Schedule C? Relatedly, there are five million places on a tax return that note gross and net income. How do artists know where to find the right one?
HC: If you have freelance income, you have a Schedule C. Schedule C is part of your personal income tax return. It says Schedule C “Profit or Loss from Business Activities” at the top. Gross income is on line 7 of your Schedule C.
PJ: Do artists who have made more money in 2020 than 2019 qualify for a PPP loan?
HC: Yes, they qualify if this is their first PPP loan. So long as you had gross income (line 7 on your Schedule C) in either 2019 or 2020, you are eligible. You don’t even need to have had a profit. If you are applying for a second round of PPP funding (i.e., you already got a first PPP loan), then you need to show that your income dropped by at least 25% in 2020 vs 2019. So the scenario in this question would then disqualify you from a second loan.
PJ: Is the loan taxable?
HC: Nope! Loans aren't taxable as income (because they aren't income - you have to pay them back). And the bills have made it clear that the forgiven PPP loans, aka grants, are not to be included in taxable income. Normally a forgiven loan would be taxable income, but the PPP is special.
PJ: When can artists apply for loan forgiveness?
HC: You apply once your funds are used up. You can apply for forgiveness any time between using up your funds and the maturity date of the loan. If you don’t apply for forgiveness by 10 months after the last day of your covered period, then you will need to begin paying it back.
PJ: How do artists track their spending so they don’t owe money they can’t pay back to the government?
HC: I recommend that you open a separate bank account and deposit your PPP loan into that. That way, you transfer funds to your personal account as “owner compensation” at the approved amounts, and it easily documents these transfers for forgiveness.
PJ: How do artists calculate the approved payment amounts?
HC: Presuming your loan was for the right amount, to begin with, making 10 equal transfers of 1/10th the loan amount from your specially-opened new PPP bank account into your personal account should do it. But please check with your bank for their latest guidance.
PJ: Can the terms of loan forgiveness change?
HC: I suppose it is possible. There have been a few rule changes so far, but generally, they have trended towards simplifying the process for freelancers, giving them better access to funding, and created more generous loans.
PJ: Should artists apply for a PPP loan?
HC: Yes. Except for people with small amounts of freelance income who are depending on unemployment. For most others, it's a great idea and will help you.
ArtWitch Podcast: Permission to Thrive + Money Mindsets
Tax expert and artist Hannah Cole discusses all things money with Art Witch Podcast host Zaneta of Brooklyn, New York. They also talk about mindfulness in this nearly hour-long podcast interview.
Hannah speaks about empowerment for creative people (especially for BIPOC people and women) and they talk about smashing the patriarchy. They discuss issues people have with earning and having money and how to change your attitude. What can you accomplish when you are not trying to run from money issues and fear of the IRS?
In this episode artist and tax expert Hannah Cole joins ArtWitch host Zaneta to talk all about money.
Tax expert and artist Hannah Cole discusses all things money with Art Witch Podcast host Zaneta of Brooklyn, New York. They also talk about mindfulness in this nearly hour-long podcast interview. How did Hannah go from being an artist to also being a tax expert and running a membership program?
Hannah speaks about empowerment for creative people (especially for BIPOC people and women) and they talk about smashing the patriarchy. They discuss issues people have with earning and having money and how to change your attitude. What can you accomplish when you are not trying to run from money issues and fear of the IRS? Taking control of your money and finances will give you the time and space you need to thrive in your creative career. We can shift what we think we're allowed to access, and we can find permission to thrive in our art practices.
What action steps can we take to get control of our money and our taxes? Hear about how to take advantage of the new tax credits from the recent American Rescue Plan stimulus bill that freelancers need to know about. “Involuntary” home schooler parents need to take advantage of the family leave credits. What can you do as a freelancer to prepare for tax season? What is the brand new retroactive change to unemployment tax laws from the stimulus? What advice does Hannah have for people who haven’t filed their taxes yet?
Listen to the interview below! Check out all of Art Witch’s podcast episodes here. Sign up for the free March 30 Masterclass that Hannah mentions in the broadcast here.
Artist/Mother Podcast with Hannah Cole of Sunlight Tax
Hannah talks with Kaylan about when she started out as an artist, her life as an artist, and how her career progressed to a tax expert specializing in helping artists and other creative freelancers. She talks about her career in accounting and what experiences led to her decision to start her own company.
Other topics covered in this hour-long podcast are the factors involved in choosing a type of business and how getting your finances organized gives you more room for creative work.
Interview with Kaylan Buteyn about Hannah’s art journey and financial tips for creative people
Hannah talks with Kaylan about when she started out as an artist, her life as an artist, and how her career progressed to a tax expert specializing in helping artists and other creative freelancers. She talks about her career in accounting and what experiences led to her decision to start her own company.
Other topics covered in this hour-long podcast are the factors involved in choosing a type of business and how getting your finances organized gives you more room for creative work.
Understanding where your money is going and getting your finances organized give you more head space, more time to spend on other things, a clearer vision for your practice. They discuss how women are taught differently about money than men and money shame and breaking down stereotypes. Hannah shares some empowering advice for anyone feeling down. Her mission is to help artists feel more organized and in control of their own money.
Hannah also covers the basics in bookkeeping and profitability to get your business moving forward and how to get into the habit of tracking your finances.
Hannah will be available via zoom on the Artist/Mother network for a live Q&A to answer any lingering questions you have on March 16th, 3:00pm ET.
Click here to listen to the podcast.
The Artist/Mother podcast is created and hosted by Kaylan Buteyn. You can see more of Kaylan’s work on her website or connect with her on Instagram @kaylanbuteyn
The Insidious Role of Gender Bias in How Artists Grapple with Personal Finances
When I met Dr. Katherine de Vos Devine at a business retreat we bonded immediately. Both I (an artist and tax expert) and de Vos Devine, an intellectual property expert, art historian, and lawyer who works with artists, counsel clients struggling with the same money issues. Though neither of us is a personal finance expert, we address personal finance issues as professionals who help artists manage their businesses. I see artists repeatedly making the same expensive mistakes that could be avoided with some basic knowledge of personal finance. Furthermore, de Vos Devine and I both encounter women artists who lack confidence due to the pressure of harmful art and gender myths about money.
Our culture is quick to put down a woman who seeks money or power at the same time that it valorizes the men who do so.
When I met Dr. Katherine de Vos Devine at a business retreat we bonded immediately. Both I (an artist and tax expert) and de Vos Devine, an intellectual property expert, art historian, and lawyer who works with artists, counsel clients struggling with the same money issues. Though neither of us is a personal finance expert, we address personal finance issues as professionals who help artists manage their businesses. I see artists repeatedly making the same expensive mistakes that could be avoided with some basic knowledge of personal finance. Furthermore, de Vos Devine and I both encounter women artists who lack confidence due to the pressure of harmful art and gender myths about money.
To open up a conversation about these issues, de Vos Devine and I did some research on a new generation of personal finance books. We discussed the myth of an objective set of rules that a previous generation of (mostly male) writers perpetuated, the emotional power of money, and how personal finance education in the US has shifted to address the self-limiting beliefs of women. We also considered the parallels between the disempowering messages that artists receive about money and those that specifically women receive. The conversation has been edited for length and clarity.
Hannah Cole: What made you dive into this type of personal finance research?
Katherine de Vos Devine: I had a very chaotic childhood, even though there was a lot of privilege. As an adult, I realized I knew nothing about personal finance. I was terrified of it, and I did not want my daughter to grow up feeling as disempowered as I did.
This article first appeared on Hyperallergic on September 30, 2019.
Money and Happiness: Artists' Superpower
Chicory, acrylic on canvas, 2016 by Hannah Cole. Courtesy of Slag Gallery, New York.
Artists Have a Superpower
I see all kinds of incomes in my tax practice, and the one thing it confirms for me is that, once past the basic human needs, money and happiness aren't related. I've been doing a lot of reading on the science of happiness lately, and also on the financial independence movement, (favorites: Mr. Money Moustache, Frugalwoods, and the Mad Fientist) and I've suddenly been noticing the strong thread of happiness science within the extreme-frugality movement.
And I had a thunderstrike: artists have a superpower. We already know this. No one goes into art because their top priority is getting rich. And most artists do go into it because they feel a need, and they get things out of art that are more important than money. Things like connections, community, curiosity, continuous learning, challenges and projects, and engagement with the unknown.
So this post is just a word of appreciation.
But here are a few things you can DO with your money to help it grow and give you lifelong security. Because that is my particular passion project:
Open a SEP IRA.
A super basic (and funny) intro to low-cost investing, from Mr. Money Moustache
What's the Deal with Receipts?
Here’s the confusion: You keep hearing that the IRS requires you to keep receipts and documentation for all of your business expenses. So why is your accountant annoyed when you try to hand her your receipts?
Here’s the story. Yes, you are required to keep receipts and documentation to prove each and every one of the business expenses that you deduct. That is the law. And here is the actual gospel, from the IRS itself. And here is a comprehensive list of what New York considers to be legal proof of your expenses. In case it’s not clear - and I get enough questions from people to know that it isn’t - the reason that you need this documentation, besides being a good practice for your actual business anyway, is that should the IRS or your state decide to examine your tax return, this is the proof of expenses they will require you to show them in order for them to allow you to keep those deductions. If you can’t, then you have just lost your audit, you may have a bad experience, and you will owe them money. You need to save these receipts and documentation for 7 years.
So why is your accountant irritable when you hand over receipts? That is another story. Tax season is super stressful. Most people, despite their intentions, don’t get their tax documents organized until a few weeks before the tax deadline, so your tax accountant has a drinking-out-of-a-firehose situation from about March 1-April 15. A lot of inexperienced taxpayers with freelance income don’t realize that they have a fairly big job to do before they can get their taxes done - that is, they need to do their bookkeeping. They need to tally up their receipts and income, and put it into some basic expense categories. Here’s a beautiful chart to help you with that. If that’s intimidating to you, hiring a bookkeeper is a great idea. Your bookkeeper can help you put things in the right categories, teach you how to maintain your own books, answer your questions and set you up with a system that works well for you. A good bookkeeper is worth the money.
So keeping your books is a requirement if you run a business. And if you’re a freelancer of any kind, though you might not have realized it, you are running a business. My course The Ultimate Honest Guide to Understanding Artists’ Taxes is a great primer on the need for good books and records and gives great insight into what happens in an artist/creative worker audit. It’s one hour, and very worth it.
So showing your accountant your receipts says that you haven’t done your bookkeeping, that you probably don’t realize that you have a sizeable job ahead of you, and that you probably need some coaching about the basic tax rules.
This is totally understandable. You’re just a bespoke latex dog-costume designer, not an accountant! This might even be your first year freelancing. But your accountant is facing an immovable deadline with an obscene flood of work. So if she’s not keeping up with her loving-kindness meditation, she might get grumpy with you. As a person who was new at my arts practice once, and as a tax accountant, I’m advocating for understanding in both directions here.
So with that, here are some basic guidelines for you:
Bookkeeping. If you have a system that isn’t working, pay a bookkeeper to look it over for you, or take a bookkeeping course yourself. Good bookkeeping is a question of habit. So schedule a regular time to do it.
Saving receipts. The law says that if you can’t produce the receipt to prove it, it never happened, and you can’t deduct the expense. Your bank and credit card statements aren’t enough. For meals and entertainment, the documentation requirement is even stricter: the receipt must be accompanied by the name of the business contact you are meeting with, plus the reason for the meeting. A receipt alone will not suffice. Personally, if I don’t grab a pen and jot these things down at the moment I am handed the receipt, I will never do it. So that has become my personal habit – I write directly on my receipts, and the save them in a file folder.
Some people are handy enough with their phones that they snap a picture of every receipt (many accounting softwares integrate a receipt-saving feature like this, and there are stand alone apps dedicated to it). I am not fast enough with my phone for this to work for me, but if you are, it is a great method for keeping your receipts.
Keeping a calendar. In the days of Google calendar, you probably have one that is pretty good already. But you might not realize that this can be an important document to show your business activity in the event of an audit. Your calendar can be used to show the amount of overall time you spend on your arts practice — and that means everything from making the actual work to networking, marketing, and bookkeeping. Your calendar can also show who you met with and for what purpose. This may corroborate other parts of your documentation, from travel expenses (your calendar shows the meetings you had set up in your travel location), to your meals expenses (meeting the strict substantiation requirement of who you met with and for what purpose).
Maintaining important correspondence that shows your effort to grow your career. You may still snail-mail out old-school introduction packets to museums (and be sure to save those receipts if you do!), but you almost certainly reach out to art world people over email. In the days of searchable email, this is a lifesaver. If you use an email folder system, consider saving this correspondence into one place (ie. “gallery + museum correspondence 2018”), so that in the event of an audit, you can produce this important evidence of your businesslike intentions quickly and without having to rely on your memory.
Maintaining your arts inventory. In Susan Crile’s drawn-out audit, her professional inventory system weighed heavily in her favor to prove that she was a professional artist and not a hobbyist. How do you track your art inventory? Having an up-to-date document that shows what you’ve produced and where everything is is an important tool in your arsenal.
Tracking mileage. I went over the details of mileage tracking in my Miami travel expense post. But here’s a tip: go out and record your car’s odometer reading right now. And while you’re at it, set an alarm on your calendar to do this the first day of every year. Because tracking your business mileage means not only tracking the number of business miles you drove this year, you also must record your total miles for the year. By recording your odometer on day one, you have both your ending mileage for last year, and your beginning mileage for this year. Two birds. One stone.
MileIQ is one of several mileage apps that use the location detection on your phone to automatically record your mileage. Similarly to Xero Taxtouch, you swipe left or right to categorize drives as business or personal. You can also track the things people often don’t – volunteer miles driven (deductible at 14 cents/mile, if you itemize) and medical miles driven (ditto, but 17 cents/mile, with a high threshold before it’s useful). The free version doesn’t capture everything, so it’s useful to get the full version. And it’s a deductible expense!
DISCLAIMER: True tax advice is a two-way conversation, and your accountant needs to hear your full situation to apply the rules correctly in your case. This post is meant for general information only. Please don’t act on this alone.
Here’s the confusion: You keep hearing that the IRS requires you to keep receipts and documentation for all of your business expenses. So why is your accountant annoyed when you try to hand her your receipts?
Here’s the story. Yes, you are required to keep receipts and documentation to prove each and every one of the business expenses that you deduct. That is the law. And here is the actual gospel, from the IRS itself. And here is a comprehensive list of what New York considers to be legal proof of your expenses. In case it’s not clear - and I get enough questions from people to know that it isn’t - the reason that you need this documentation, besides being a good practice for your actual business anyway, is that should the IRS or your state decide to examine your tax return, this is the proof of expenses they will require you to show them in order for them to allow you to keep those deductions. If you can’t, then you have just lost your audit, you may have a bad experience, and you will owe them money. You need to save these receipts and documentation for 7 years.
So why is your accountant irritable when you hand over receipts? That is another story. Tax season is super stressful. Most people, despite their intentions, don’t get their tax documents organized until a few weeks before the tax deadline, so your tax accountant has a drinking-out-of-a-firehose situation from about March 1-April 15. A lot of inexperienced taxpayers with freelance income don’t realize that they have a fairly big job to do before they can get their taxes done - that is, they need to do their bookkeeping. They need to tally up their receipts and income, and put it into some basic expense categories. Here’s a beautiful chart to help you with that. If that’s intimidating to you, hiring a bookkeeper is a great idea. Your bookkeeper can help you put things in the right categories, teach you how to maintain your own books, answer your questions and set you up with a system that works well for you. A good bookkeeper is worth the money.
So keeping your books is a requirement if you run a business. And if you’re a freelancer of any kind, though you might not have realized it, you are running a business. My course The Ultimate Honest Guide to Understanding Artists’ Taxes is a great primer on the need for good books and records and gives great insight into what happens in an artist/creative worker audit. It’s one hour, and very worth it.
So showing your accountant your receipts says that you haven’t done your bookkeeping, that you probably don’t realize that you have a sizeable job ahead of you, and that you probably need some coaching about the basic tax rules.
This is totally understandable. You’re just a bespoke latex dog-costume designer, not an accountant! This might even be your first year freelancing. But your accountant is facing an immovable deadline with an obscene flood of work. So if she’s not keeping up with her loving-kindness meditation, she might get grumpy with you. As a person who was new at my arts practice once, and as a tax accountant, I’m advocating for understanding in both directions here.
So with that, here are some basic guidelines for you:
Bookkeeping. If you have a system that isn’t working, pay a bookkeeper to look it over for you, or take a bookkeeping course yourself. Good bookkeeping is a question of habit. So schedule a regular time to do it.
Saving receipts. The law says that if you can’t produce the receipt to prove it, it never happened, and you can’t deduct the expense. Your bank and credit card statements aren’t enough. For meals and entertainment, the documentation requirement is even stricter: the receipt must be accompanied by the name of the business contact you are meeting with, plus the reason for the meeting. A receipt alone will not suffice. Personally, if I don’t grab a pen and jot these things down at the moment I am handed the receipt, I will never do it. So that has become my personal habit – I write directly on my receipts, and the save them in a file folder.
Some people are handy enough with their phones that they snap a picture of every receipt (many accounting softwares integrate a receipt-saving feature like this, and there are stand alone apps dedicated to it). I am not fast enough with my phone for this to work for me, but if you are, it is a great method for keeping your receipts.
Keeping a calendar. In the days of Google calendar, you probably have one that is pretty good already. But you might not realize that this can be an important document to show your business activity in the event of an audit. Your calendar can be used to show the amount of overall time you spend on your arts practice — and that means everything from making the actual work to networking, marketing, and bookkeeping. Your calendar can also show who you met with and for what purpose. This may corroborate other parts of your documentation, from travel expenses (your calendar shows the meetings you had set up in your travel location), to your meals expenses (meeting the strict substantiation requirement of who you met with and for what purpose).
Maintaining important correspondence that shows your effort to grow your career. You may still snail-mail out old-school introduction packets to museums (and be sure to save those receipts if you do!), but you almost certainly reach out to art world people over email. In the days of searchable email, this is a lifesaver. If you use an email folder system, consider saving this correspondence into one place (ie. “gallery + museum correspondence 2018”), so that in the event of an audit, you can produce this important evidence of your businesslike intentions quickly and without having to rely on your memory.
Maintaining your arts inventory. In Susan Crile’s drawn-out audit, her professional inventory system weighed heavily in her favor to prove that she was a professional artist and not a hobbyist. How do you track your art inventory? Having an up-to-date document that shows what you’ve produced and where everything is is an important tool in your arsenal.
Tracking mileage. I went over the details of mileage tracking in my Miami travel expense post. But here’s a tip: go out and record your car’s odometer reading right now. And while you’re at it, set an alarm on your calendar to do this the first day of every year. Because tracking your business mileage means not only tracking the number of business miles you drove this year, you also must record your total miles for the year. By recording your odometer on day one, you have both your ending mileage for last year, and your beginning mileage for this year. Two birds. One stone.
MileIQ is one of several mileage apps that use the location detection on your phone to automatically record your mileage. Similarly to Xero Taxtouch, you swipe left or right to categorize drives as business or personal. You can also track the things people often don’t – volunteer miles driven (deductible at 14 cents/mile, if you itemize) and medical miles driven (ditto, but 17 cents/mile, with a high threshold before it’s useful). The free version doesn’t capture everything, so it’s useful to get the full version. And it’s a deductible expense!
DISCLAIMER: True tax advice is a two-way conversation, and your accountant needs to hear your full situation to apply the rules correctly in your case. This post is meant for general information only. Please don’t act on this alone.
Bio: Hannah Cole is an artist and Enrolled Agent. She is the founder of Sunlight Tax.
Business and Personal Accounts: Keep ’em Separated
There are a million meaningful reasons to operate an arts business, from creating revelatory art experiences for the public, to a commitment to a tradition, to the love of making hand-crafted objects. But at the end of the day, if it is a business (and not, say, a non-profit), a major purpose is to make money to pay for the expenses of living. And if the purpose of the businesses’ earnings is to pay for our personal expenses, why then is it so important to keep the business financial transactions separate from our personal ones?
The reasons are simple. It protects you from tax trouble and legal trouble. And it’s the law.
Here is an example to illustrate the tax trouble scenario.
The Personal Finance Attitude Adjustment
In my last post, I outlined the basics of a personal finance plan. That article is the “what to do” where I answer questions about insurance, debt management, savings and investments. If you haven’t read it I suggest spending a bit of time with the post because it provides the foundation for getting your proverbial ducks in a row. This week, I’d like to get into the “how to do it” part.
A Personal Finance Cheat Sheet for the Overwhelmed
Money is the most powerful metaphor we have. For many people it represents their self-worth, their standing, their power and their security. In many ways artists are a little different—we have a life where we choose to value different things than the rest of society – freedom, both artistic and from societal norms, as well as intellectual independence. Our very existence can be seen as a challenge to capitalism. It’s why some people feel threatened by us—our choice to place a high value on things other than money might call into question their own choices and values.
So I understand why many artists may want to or feel as though they live outside the “regular” financial system. However, we all still must function within it. I have seen too many artists succumb to their own lack of financial knowledge and security – by giving up art, making outsized financial sacrifices (like homeownership, children, or secure retirement), and even becoming destitute. Money can be very emotional: not knowing how to manage it can make us feel out of control, anxious, overwhelmed, and ashamed.
But the flipside is wonderful. Taking some basic steps to control your money is empowering. It can prolong your career, help you meet personal and professional goals, and set your mind at ease.
I’d like to outline the most basic ideas of personal finance. There are tomes written on each single line below, and a million variations. But since feeling overwhelmed can cause paralysis, I want to assure you that the very basics of solid personal finance are universal.* Here they are. Read more...